For photovoltaic source and output circuits, when must they be installed in a raceway?

Photovoltaic source and output circuits are required to be installed in a raceway when they operate at voltages greater than 30 volts. This requirement is rooted in safety considerations, aimed at minimizing the risk of electric shock and other hazards associated with higher voltage exposure. By enclosing these circuits within a raceway, it ensures that conductors are protected from physical damage, moisture, and other environmental factors which could compromise their safety and performance.

Moreover, raceways provide an essential layer of protection and organization, especially in residential installations where multiple circuits may be present. This regulation aligns with the National Electrical Code (NEC) standards, which prioritize user safety and the proper management of electrical systems. Understanding this threshold is crucial for those working with solar energy systems to ensure compliance with the electrical codes and to promote safe installation practices.